Theories argue Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Theories argue - Essay ExampleThree most important and frequently address theories related to the aging edge are Theory of detachment, Activity Theory and Continuity Theory (Bengtson, Silverstein, & Putney, 2009).This research worker finds that Activity Theory has defined the process of aging more effectively as compared to other dickens theories. The system was developed in 1953 by an American sociologist Havighurst (Schulz, 2006). This theory holds that to remain lively and participate in societal activities are key factors of satisfaction for aging people. Physical and intellectual activities are important for triple-crown aging. The theory proposes that in order to maintain a positive self-image, older members need to develop new-fashioned interests, roles, hobbies, and relationships (Schulz-Aellen, 1997). This theory would explain adequately why aging people feel encouraged continue with their middle-age lifestyles by denying the limitations of old age and why they make a ttempts to sustain that lifestyle over a longer duration.harmonize Havighurst activity is always preferable to inactivity since it increases the chances of the well-being of personality on a number of levels. This theory also explains why post-industrial society allowed its older members to participate in meaningful activities. The theory incorporates an improvement in the general health and prosperity of older people.In contrast to the Activity Theory, the Disengagement theory comes across as a more controversial theory. According to this theory aging is process of regular onanism between society and the subject aging individual. The theory holds that in growing older, withdrawal or disengagement can be considered to be a natural or universal process. In all cultures and societies this process is acceptable to elders. According to this theory there should be a social equilibrium that will go on self-reflection for elders. Old members of the society should be free from societal

The dumbest generation by Mark Bauerlein Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

The dumbest gen successiontion by Mark Bauerlein - Essay ExampleThroughout his book, Bauerlein concentrates on how the digital era has displaced the common and normal human life, impacting young Americans. The creator compares his time period to the current generation (under xxx years of age) in terms of education and their mode of communication. After discovering the many transformations that have taken place, the author refutes technological advancements claiming that they have done more harm than good to the young generation. In chapter one, knowledge deficits, the author embarks on statistical data generated from surveys to explain how the youth are performing poorly in both aspects of life. After comparing the 2005 and 1995 test scores, the author claims that the American youth performed poorly in 2005 because of their over trust on information technology instead of concentrating on books (Bauerlein 10). The author, however, does non recognize the role of parents, teachers and the community in education because they too contribute to academic performance. He does not appreciate the fact that young peck are getting more information from the internet as opposed to what teachers and books can offer. In chapter two, the hot bibliophobes, Bauerlein disagrees with idea of the youth retrieving information from the internet instead of reading books. He believes that it only books, which have pertinent and reliable information for the young people. He considers their over reliance on media gadgets as waste of time. This is not true because the internet helps young people to learn more.

PRACTISE STUDY Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4500 words

PRACTISE STUDY - Essay useThese activities of Imagine Mental Health stem from its belief that by supporting people with mental health problems it is possible to enable them to do what they want to do, live their lives as they want to live and access those opportunities that are available to all citizens, in short to lead a full and independent life (Imagine). governmental support for these activities is available through the government loving exclusion action plan. This action plan became a reality in September 2006, when the department of health and the department of work and pension initiated it to encourage social activities and employment for those suffering from severe mental health. The social exclusion action plan is envisaged as a programme that will involve the participation of the public sector, the private sector and the voluntary organization. As a voluntary organization with similar objectives as the social exclusion plan, Imagine Mental Health is associated with thi s attempt of the government (Reaching Out An Action Plan on Social Exclusion).The company operates through the mainstream service by enabling clients who have been socially excluded to reclaim their place back in the mainstream of society. The company is staffed by span builders, who have a background, and specialist expertise, in a number of life domains that the clients can choose to access. These domains accommodate employment, volunteering, education and training, sports and leisure, art, cultural communities, faith and spirituality, and homes, families, neighbourhoods and befriending (Life Opportunities).As a social work student undergoing placement with Imagine, I have been given the role of employment, education and training bridge builder and also to support opposite bridge builders to attain the primary objectives of the clients. I have to be creative and have good networking skills to forgather my responsibilities. I also support clients as their first contact point at Imagine for estimate and

Analyze the associated activities in the evaluation phase of a patient Essay

Analyze the associated activities in the evaluation phase of a persevering - raise ExampleIn any case all practitioners are required to know how to evaluate a forbearing.Traditionally nurses role in evaluating a patient has to record the observations made further not to interpret them. The main observation includespulse, temperature, rate of respiratory, argument pressure and consciousness level (Alice, 1985). The top executive of nurse to record such observations accurately will determine the priority of the patient care. Assessment ground on priority setting is one of the major skills that nurses that are newly fit may lack. in that respect are elementary evaluation that can be executed on any patient small-arm there are some that are specific to particular cases, for instancediseases that are chronic, trauma and other emergencies (Jacques, 1988). Unfortunately, the subjective assessments are not always carried out.After taking patients details such as names and insuranc e, it is as well as important to understand if the patient has any historical background of an illness, such information include when the patient was last in the hospital? What disease was the patient last diagnosed? And other historical details of the patient (Allan, 2012). Such information gives a clue as to either the illness is recurrent of it involves new prescription. enduring evaluation is done through history of medical information (Alice, 1985). Physical examination is carried out so as to be able to notice any physical behavior that may likely to be caused by illness some patients will have a pale skin and other physically observed conditions. Routine laboratory tests are necessary to try and establish the specifics of the disease (Jacques, 1988). Other symptomatic procedures can also be carried out.Physical examination must involve the suitable measurement of blood pressure, with contralateral arm confirmation. Optic fundi examination is also done. Further examination r equires calculating the mass index of the body, the BMI calculation, measuring the circumference of the waist is equally

Why I choose accounting as my major Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Why I choose accounting as my major - Essay ExampleFinancial accounting is the reporting of the fiscal information about a let onicular organization or social club to the external stakeholders or potential drop stakeholder that include, investors, suppliers and regulators, the report is mostly in the form of financial statements. Management accounting mostly focuses on criterion analyzing, and reporting of financial information for internal use in decision making by the management.bookkeeping which is also d one by accountants, is the process of recording all the financial transactions of an organization that entrust be used to provide summaries that are usually presented in final reports of most of these financial reports. roughly of the time the processes of accounting are done by accounting organizations that are not usually part of an organization. They come in as external auditor to assess the efficiency with which a particular company is managing finances.One of the most basic motivations towards one undertaking a particular major in college is the fire and conformity with the compulsions of that particular degree. In my case, accounting has been my major area of interest for the fact that it offers diverse opportunities to key the business market and how it operates. At the same time, one has to ensure that he or she understands the basic requirement in terms of personal attributes for optimal performance. For instance, while working as an accountant, one has to be technical at mathematics, detail oriented and organized. Most of the time, the workload given to an accountant is manageable and one grass be able to meet the targets easily. However, as Bragg (34) affirms, it needs some degree of organization to enable one to carry on tasks within stipulated time and with maximum attention.Moreover, accounting deals with mathematics when coming up with the reports, thence before one decides to take on the career, they have to be certain that they

Western Culture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Western Culture - turn up ExampleCenturies ago, the culture of a country was modified by wars and invasions. But now cultures are influenced by the corporate scenario in the country. Whenever a corporate giant enters a countrys local markets, it needfully introduces a few subtle variations in the existing cultural practices. At the same time, the association has to applaud local sensibilities and make certain changes in their strategies.A companys success in the local markets depends immensely on how skillfully they negotiate the culture of that country, and in turn use it to their advantage. Once the company strikes the right balance, there is an intermingling of cultures, which introduces western sandwich cultural influences to the already existing local norms. A failure on the part of the company to adapt to local practices can prove to be a business disaster. For instance, the sell giant Wal-Mart was forced to completely shut down its operations in Germany and South Korea, when the local creation did not approve of their characteristic working styles. (Schaefer, 2009)It would be beneficial to study an example to facilitate a better understanding of the influences of western culture brought about by corporate giants. McDonalds, the worlds largest twine of fast food restaurants has more than 30,000 restaurants in nearly a 100 countries and serves approximately 52 trillion people daily (Bhushan, 2002). McDonalds was one of the first corporations to pioneer the field of quick service restaurants.Its franchise in India is owned and managed locally, employing local staff and product suppliers. Hardcastle Restaurants secret Limited owns and manages McDonalds restaurants in the western region of India, while the northern territory restaurants are owned and managed by Vikram Bakshis Connaught Plaza Restaurants Private Limited. The first Mc Donalds outlet was opened in Indias capital, New Delhi in October, 1996 and shortly there are a total of 132 restauran ts in the whole of

Case study -- Harpo Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

-- Harpo - Case Study ExampleThis scenario happened because the drawing card was given extreme authority as a super powerful attractor in the organization that she belonged.If Martha Stewart was not bestowed with the super-powers and treated as a super-powerful leader in the organization, the organization would feel its powers divided into several parts into teams. This makes none of its leaders to realise himself or herself as a super powerful leader and end up misusing his or her powers to his or her advantage. By distributing powers in the organization, the organization would be benefiting from saving its reputation from being tampered with.In addition, if the organization wants to hold in the position and the powers of one super powerful leader, it can come up with the idea of forming a perpetration or board members. The sole purpose is to approve any decision that the super powerful leader wants to exercise in the organization. Putting such restriction, the super powerful l eader of the organization cannot abuse his or her powers by acting on his own. Rather, he or she has to convince the board members and get their approval to assimilate a forward step and take actions (Colquitt, Lepine & Wesson, pg.474).The greatest danger in over-reliance of one individual leader in an organization is how to maintain the organizations success in the absence of a leader. The company must have a well-structured top management and distributes is powers laterally instead of relying on totalitarianism. The senior management should lead the inherent team to manage not only vertically, but also work together in collaboration and with their peers laterally. This will foster the company build a very strong structure that will help it stand up the troubling times and allows for effective solving of problems.In Harpo services, a leading business leader role was Winfrey. Therefore, Winfrey has a great role of

Earnnings management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Earnnings management - Essay Example wages management plays a crucial role in determining the share prices of a listed company and besides impact the direct allocation of resources buy the company in the capital markets. This paper is written with the mastermind of researching on the profits management and reporting techniques, focusing on the big can technique of earnings management.The main objective of the report is to understand the process of earnings management, especially the big bath technique of earnings management which is commonly used by companies and their managers to manipulate the reporting of the earning of the company.Earnings management is an break aspect of the financial management of any company. Earnings being crucial elements of the financial statements of a business, the paygrade and management of different types of earning are done by the management of any firm to ensure that the line of business prices of the business remains high in the capital mark ets. There are many techniques that are traditionally a contemporarily applied for the management, manipulation and accounting of earnings in the financial statement publication of an enterprise.The test of the topic of earnings management and the much debated technique of earnings management and manipulation which is the big bath technique is critical in the contemporary corporate world. The management of earnings can have key influences on the political and regulatory structures of a country, the economic systems and prospects in the country and can also switch the functioning of industries as well as the investor groups of the business. Additionally, it may lead to crisis situations like financial downturns, extended clinical depression periods in the economic and business cycles and can also threaten the interests of the stakeholder groups of a business1. The use of manipulative techniques in earnings management can play a key role in misleading the investors and analysts in relation to the determination of the investment profile and investment

Social work theory Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Social work theory - Essay spokesperson2). There are several models and theories about the take in of mettle abuse and dependence used to set aside an explanation of colony. These models have strong implications on the interventions that practitioners implement.An explanation that addiction/alcoholism is a consequence of an individual(a)s personal choice is adhered to by proponents of the moral model. The view that indulgence in alcohol and substance abuse is a personal choice makes it justifiable for an individual to be punished. Another perspective views addiction/alcoholism is related to the parents excessive neglect during childhood. This type of explanation is characteristic of the socio-cultural and mental models of addiction. Several studies reveal that people who become addicts have underlying mental disorders and these interact with certain socio-cultural factors to cause further exacerbation of substance abuse. . In the well-being paradigm, substance abuse is viewed as reflecting an underlying, intra-psychological deficiency (Maton et al., 1992, p. 81). These psychological problems cause emotional pain and relief from pain is readily offered by alcohol and drug use.On the other hand, the ailment concept of substance abuse postulates that addiction is a primary disease and not secondary or corollary to another condition. Perhaps the greatest advantage to the articulation that addiction is a disease has been to remove the moral stigma attached to chemical dependency and to replace it with an emphasis on preaching of an illness (Fisher et al, 1997, p. 45). However, a major criticism of this model is the notion that it relieves the substance abuser from taking function of his/her behavior. It paints a picture of the alcoholic or addict as powerless and a passive victim in the drinking/ drug use behavior. To their defense, proponents of the

Age invaders Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Age invaders - denomination ExampleThe old progress at the same time, will reap off the workers. The yield of reticent people will increase with an un-matching injection of the same to the economy. Hence, this will lead to a slowed growth in the economy.The most affected sectors are the ones that exact the young non-educated people in the industry. Some of the works that need the educated people with more skills have not be affected much with the increased number of the old. This is so since most of the educated workers in the United States and Europe above the age of 60 eld are working at the rate of 65 percent. At the same time, much money is pay to the aging. For instance, by the year 2010 12 percent of the wages were being paid to people more than the age of 60 (The Economist Print)To curb shortage of work to nearly extent, there is need to emphasize on education to ensure that people work for longer into their old age. This is because most of the work done by the un-educ ated people get harder day by day since it needs more energy. However, this will affect some other sectors of the economy that need manpower. Some countries like Japan have utilized the robots to carry step forward manual work in the

Advising the UK government what key actions need to be taken to adapt Essay

Advising the UK government what primeval actions need to be taken to adapt to and mitigate environmental change during the next 50 age - Essay ExampleThe governing bodies in all over the world are in need of having a new perspective on this depleting ecosystem, to preserve it, to provide long term good health for all the people, all over the world. The continued stability of the life supporting systems of the biosphere weighs heavily on the actions taken by the government. With temperatures rising everyday and with pollution going overboard, it is time for the UK government to start taking steps to background the rate of depletion, the environment is going through. Thereby, a better future can be ensured in the advent years.Environmental changes refer to the drastic change taking place in glory, water, climate and other raw(a) activities, globally. Though climate change has been widely acknowledged, there is still an uncertainty on how large and how profuse the predicted effe cts will be on the environment. Several events in the recent past such as the hurricane Katrina in South Atlantic and the heat waves which took hundreds of lives in Europe, certainly raised questions over stability of climate. totally of these cannot be attributed only to climate change. But certainly, it becomes the frontrunner when these events are predicted to occur more in future.Global heating is the main cause for the climate change happening all over the world. Upon closely scrutinizing the available selective information on climate, it clearly indicates that there is a rapid increase in temperature over the past decade. From the set-back of twentieth century, earths surface temperature has increased to 1.4oF (0.7oC) and in this, about 0.9oF (0.5oC) has occurred since 1978. This striking increase in temperature is definitely due to global warming which is further pronounced with the emission of green house gases and air pollution. Global warming is further pronounced with the depletion of ozone layer. It has resulted in the penetration of UV rays into earth and thereby

The Influence and Relationship of the Media in Poliyics Research Paper

The Influence and Relationship of the Media in Poliyics - Research Paper modellingIn this regard, media has various roles to play as far as politics of the day is concerned. First, the media inform the worldly concern about campaigns, elections and politics. However, while there is increasing demand for information, there is cynicism in the world against both the media and politicians for spearheading cast out coverage of campaigns and media bias. What failed to be addressed are the influence of the government to the media, as well as, the influence media does on the government. The media influence the delegacy of politics through with(predicate) taking part in nomination branches. It turns the nomination process into a horse race. Through this process, some part of the public get influenced by the politician who seems universal and through the media, the candidates get to sale the policies thereby increasing their chances of going through. Secondly, the media influence issues voters care about in elections and criteria the voters use in evaluating candidates. This it does through issue framing. It makes the voter view it the way it does. There exists a alternating(prenominal) relationship between the public, media, and the government. Media can shape public opinion, as well as, influence voter through communicating. This is through influencing the voters on the issues that are important and those that are less and thus convince them about the issues to cipher about. The media play an important role in altering the perceptions of the voters, attitude, and behavior. The media in this case reinforces and shapes voters view point. Thirdly, media places a stain on issues they know the public might be concerned with. Existing evidence indicate that what seems to depend in print has substantial impacts on how citizens think. For example, where the media cites as important problems to be addressed is taken up by the public to be the gospel truth. However, t he government in a way dictates the medias content where the media regularly uses the public officials as sources of news. A biased media shapes views of the people at election time and the media dictates what should be viewed by the voters. In this case, media influences the voters attitude and is very effective while acting as sport light. Since it is the only way to channel campaign information, media influence issues voters consider when evaluating a political candidate and criteria upon which the voters charge the politicians Fourthly, the media can fare the political agenda through focusing on certain issues and influence the issues the government and the public ought to be concerned with. In this regard, it influences they way the public makes the decision about voting. For example, through the regular angering of news put in from various parts of the country, the public and the government get to under place upright certain things of concern. The media focus on the hot se at when things go misemploy such as health care and other social amenities. The way the death chair responds to such issues matters a great deal and it influence the way people vote in the wrong run. This is in the context of belief that media is prone to strong political bias, and that seem true to some extent, and has a significant effect on shaping the views of the voter. The area the newspapers take a firm a stand on, is that to do with editorials. This area largely dictates how people view publications. It is argued that media outlets take up distinctive stand that roost consistent for a period of time. Whether that is true or not, it is

Offshore Jobs Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Offshore Jobs - Essay recitationare some of the countries where MNCs from USA, UK, Germany and other developed nations have started step forwardsourcing the jobs. This trend has picked up in a better-looking way in the last 15 to 20 years. In fact, as this trend kept growing, a debate also started in the political spheres ab start the job losses taking place in USA, Germany, UK etc. In the recently concluded Presidential elections in the USA, outsourcing became a big issue, with the candidates spelling out their own versions of the truth on outsourcing by many companies. But as per the indications available the trend appears unbeatable in the immediate future. The high turnover rates amongst IT staff in some of the Indian cities points towards the approachability of opportunities in this sector which propels the staff to switchover jobs from one company to another looking.The research conducted by McKinsey Global demonstrate (MGI) points out that even after a huge hike in salar ies in the outsourcing destinations, the salaries are subdued quite low as compared to the cities in the America and leading EU nations. While the criteria of selecting the sites depends on a variety of factors same(p), work culture, infrastructure availability, talent pool etc. besides the wages the flying field points out that many companies have preferred to go for tried and tested nations like India and China. Though the infrastructure is out-of-the-way(prenominal) from satisfactory in some of the cities of India, still some of the companies have expressed their confidence in these cities base on their past experience and the availability of other similar companies in the vicinity. At the same time, the study points out that many companies like Amazon.com, Telefonica, Intel and Sakonnet Technology have preferred offshore centers in the African cities like Cape Town, Tangier, Cordoba, Rio de Jenerio etc. But in general it has been found out that some of the hot spy have bec ome favorites of companies which have followed the trend observing the first movers cost advantage. But this trend also results in overheating of the job market in those cities and the infrastructure too starts deteriorating. Citing the example of Gurgaon, a place underweight the capital city of India the study finds out that the area has become very populous with many obtain malls, multi-story apartments etc. when leading companies set up their operational units in these cities. But gradually it has started taking its bell with paralyzing traffic congestions, frequent power cuts, communication network breakdowns etc. But, the fact that so far the rear trend has not started, points towards the cost advantage still being favourable to the MNCs. The availability of huge poesy of unemployed educated youth at offshore hot spots makes these locations all the more attractive. MGI canvass 28 low-wage countries and figured out that about 6.4 million young professionals are available i n 2003 for far less number of jobs. It has been projected through the study that supply of college educated talent will offer to outstrip the demand from MNCs offshore operations for many-many years to come. In general some of the key factors place for choosing a location include Cost, availability of skills, suitable political and legal environment market emf of the region or country risk factors and infrastructure. Though destinations like Dubai have also been

Discuss with examples and detail, the responsibilities of the First Term Paper

Discuss with examples and detail, the responsibilities of the First Officer on the pictorial matter of a reported crime - Term Paper ExampleIntroduction The primary refer to a police incumbent regarding a crime scene usu all(prenominal)y comes in different forms a crime that has already taken place and has just been discovered, a crime in progress, or a crime that just occurred. The way in which the officer responds depends on how he/she receives the call. For instance, he/she can save quickly and directly to the scene. When a law-enforcing officer receives a call to respond to a scene of crime, he/she must always follow a logical series of events in order to ascertain everyones safety as well as appropriate investigation of the incident. He or she must wrap up all responses to crime scenes the same way, with expectations that the case to a lower place investigation will proceed to trial and be subjected to the criminal justice systems procedures and policies (Buckles, 2007 and Dale & Becker, 2007). Since a primary responder acts in response to all sorts of crimes as well as possible crime scenes, he or she should always act under the assumption that the untrustings are still in the crime scene or in its surroundings. Is it in that positionfore circumstantial for him/her to make keen observations on the way to the scene of crime should be very alert and should perpetually make mental notes. With the assumption that suspects whitethorn be fleeing from the crime scene, he/she should take note of leery vehicles details such as color, make, model and license plates, as well as pedestrians descriptions. Better still, he/she can record all these information on a tape, which can be transcribed later on to act as leads for law officers as they follow up on a crime afterwards the initial response (Dale & Becker, 2007). Upon arrival, the officer will make use of tactical measures of safely approaching the scene and looking for suspects, victims, and witnes ses. Again, depending on the type of crime, the presupposition is that there is a suspect at the crime scene and that there may be victims requiring emergency care. It is therefore expenditurey emphasizing that the focus of the first officer on the scene of a reported crime is on his own safety as well as that of other individuals at the crime scene, including the victims, other officers taking care of the victims, and those pursuing/ looking for the suspect. It is also worth noting and emphasizing that how to approach a crime scene and what to do are vital as the first responding officer enters and examines the crime scene. What to examine and note include whether or not there is a suspect at the scene, whether or not there is a victim who is being held hostage or who ask emergency care and what safety issues or environmental conditions need to be dealt with (Buckles, 2007). The initial response to a crime is supposed to be expeditious and systematic. On arriving at a crime scene , the first responding officer/the first officer to arrive on the scene of a crime should perform his first certificate of indebtedness of assessing the scene. It is important for him/her to approach and enter crime scenes as soon as possible, yet carefully, while at the same time exploring any potential events, evidence, vehicles, individuals as well as any environmental conditions that may be linked to the crime. He should keep a record of information such as the location /address of the crime, the exact date and time, the type of call that he/she received, and anything else that might have a behavior on the crime/the scene of crime. He or

Ethics, as It Pertains to Information Technology Term Paper

ethics, as It Pertains to Information Technology - Term Paper ExampleEthics in information technology is a branch of philosophy that deals with how people should make decisions concerned with their headmaster conduct, when using information technology. Computers have dramatically changed information handling and communication, but have also caused honorable questions to be raised on standards that the users of information technology should uphold in order to be at par with the expectations from the society. The most theatrical abuse of reckoner technology is the rampant internet hackings of company websites and online stealing of credit card numbers. Such cases are imperceptible, frequent and tied to everyday workings of ordinary, law bide citizens and different office staffs are on the rise with great frequency due to computer hacking. Hacking is a situation where an individual referred to as a hacker, gains, or attempts to gain access to resources or services belonging to pe rson else from their computer databases, usually organizations or companies without their prior authorization or awareness (Davis, Philipp and Cowen, 2005). Such activities lead to the flap of services, loss of data as well as vandalism of data, software or even computer hardware resources. Hackers are motivated by a multitude of reasons, which include, getting profits, protests, or to gain recognition establish on the enormity of the challenge. Hackers have different attitudes and aims. They use different terms to differentiate themselves from each early(a), or to exclude themselves from specific groups that they have disagreements with. Members of the computer underground should be referred to as crackers and not hackers. A cracker is someone who gains unauthorized access to a computer in order to commit crimes such as information theft. The amount of data and its confidentiality amplifies the concerns that are raised over information technology ethics, and wherefore they shou ld be maintained. Organizations are then forced to device come up with honest standards that will aim their employees conduct while at the same time ensuring that they remain within the bounds of acceptable earth ethics. However, there has been a disregard of societal ethics where companies have employed espionage tactics over equal companies to gain unfair competitive advantage by hacking into their information systems or purchasing information from hackers. In other cases, inquisitive minors have done hacking using a computer and an internet connection. A good example is that of a juvenile who, in March of 1997, sent a couple of computer commands from his personal computer effectively and disabled a telephone company services that was serving an airdrome in the United States. Such actions have drawn major attention from security agencies such as the F.B.I, and they have made fighting computer hacking be one of their priorities. In the recent past, there has been an intensify increase in the number of organized hacker groups all over the world. Such groups gather at times in conventions such as DEF CON, HoHoCon, and SummerCon and such conventions provide information and a means to learn from other members. Hackers also gain credibility by affiliating themselves to elite hacker organizations. Public interest groups such as the computer Ethics Institute have been in the frontline in trying to lay down the ethical standards that computer users should uphold. Various security agencies have highly prioritized cases of hacking to the extent of setting up a